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TCFD reporting in the Middle East and Africa

TCFD reporting is awaiting its breakthrough moment in the Middle East and Africa. How can the region's businesses benefit from better climate disclosures?

Climate change abstract enviroment concept. Rain drops falling over green small growing new plant on cracked soil. Selective focus.

The Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) is awaiting its breakthrough moment in the Middle East and Africa.

While other regions have made TCFD reporting mandatory – or committed to doing so in the near future - it has received much less traction among policyholders from Durban to Doha.

TCFD reporting is not the only climate disclosure framework, however it is emerging as the global standard. Governments and regulators use the TCFD as the benchmark for their domestic legislation, recommendations and guidance.

So, what opportunities does TCFD reporting present to firms in the Middle East and Africa? How can TCFD reporting benefit the region's businesses as they grapple with the impact of climate change among the many risks they have to manage?

What is TCFD reporting?

The TCFD reporting framework was first released in 2017. It is an attempt to build on the commitments made by national governments in the Paris Agreement.

TCFD reporting is designed to go beyond a box-ticking exercise. It wants to help businesses properly measure their exposure to climate change and to take action to manage the associated risks. As well as reducing harm, firms should be able to use the TCFD framework to identify and benefit from opportunities created by the changing climate.

The four pillars of TCFD reporting

There are 11 TCFD disclosure requirements across four pillars: governance; strategy; risk management; and metrics and targets.

Governance: Businesses need to report what they're doing at board level and at management level when it comes to assessing and managing climate-related risks and opportunities.

Strategy: Firms are required to disclose how climate-related risks and opportunities are reflected in their business strategy. This should extend to modelling for different climate scenarios.

Risk management: Here businesses need to look at how risks associated with climate change are built into their risk management activities.

Metrics and targets: Disclosure requirements in this pillar focus on measurement and performance. Organizations need to set targets for both climate-related risks and opportunities. And they are required to report on what they're doing to meet those targets and how much progress they have made.

TCFD reporting in MEA: Spotlight on South Africa

South Africa is a carbon-intensive economy with a substantial mining sector.

It has also witnessed the devastating impact of extreme weather events.

Unusually heavy rainfall in KwaZulu-Natal has led to floods, which caused loss of life and damage to infrastructure. In the Eastern and Western Cape, droughts have severely impacted agriculture and there were fears Cape Town – a city of close to 5 million people - might run out of water.

South Africa faces huge challenges from unemployment to healthcare. But it is ahead of other African countries when it comes to climate reporting.

The South African government has not made TCFD reporting mandatory, but it does encourage businesses to make climate disclosures in line with the TCFD framework.

As things stand, the majority of large South African businesses are still in the early stages of adoption. While a few have issued their first reports, TCFD requirements have not yet started significantly impacting their governance, strategy or risk management activities. 

TCFD reporting in MEA: Spotlight on the UAE

As a major oil exporter, the UAE is also a carbon-intensive economy. The Middle East has always had to contend with droughts, but the region is seeing record high temperatures as a result of the changing climate posing major physical risks.

TCFD reporting is not a legal requirement in any Middle Eastern country and very few UAE firms are making climate-related disclosures in line with the TCFD guidelines.

However, the way the UAE is governed means changes to the legal framework can happen quickly. This is also true of many other countries in the region.

The UAE is committed to achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2050 and will host COP in 2023. Should the government decide to make mandatory TCFD reporting part of its wider climate change agenda, the UAE could overtake countries that are, for now, further down the road. 

Benefits of TCFD reporting for MEA businesses

Advocates of TCFD are keen to point out that climate disclosures should not be seen as another bureaucratic burden. While the work involved in complying with a framework like TCFD is extensive, it can also benefit your business.

Attracting investment: Investors, employees, suppliers and other key stakeholders are taking an increasingly strong interest in the environment. Businesses that commit to a comprehensive, international framework like TCFD can demonstrate their commitment to climate change. As a result, they can find it easier to attract new investment and hire the best people.

Insurance and risk management benefits: TCFD reporting is still far from mainstream in the Middle East and Africa. Even in regions where TCFD or similar reporting requirements are mandatory the effects are only beginning to filter through to insurance. However, the expectation is that robust climate disclosures will make it easier for firms to obtain particular types of insurance and could also reduce the cost of those insurance policies. Modelling different climate change scenarios and taking pre-emptive action to limit exposures are also sound risk management strategies that help firms plan for the future.

How Marsh can help

Whichever reporting framework is most relevant to your organization, climate disclosures can form a valuable part of how you identify and manage risk. Climate change reporting is not just about risk it is also about opportunity.

Marsh can support you throughout your climate risk journey from ensuring you meet your disclosure obligations through to advice on risk transfer. Contact us to start the conversation.


This document is not intended to be taken as advice regarding any individual situation and should not be relied upon as such. Marsh shall have no obligation to update this publication and shall have no liability to you or any other party arising out of this publication or any matter contained herein. You should consult your own professional advisers if you require any actuarial, tax, accounting or legal advice in any relation to any matter contained within this publication.
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